Understanding corn root function and development

By Kyle Poling, Pioneer field agronomist in West Central Ohio

Achieving maximum corn yield potential is dependent on the root system’s success. Root development in corn occurs in two phases. The first phase is the development of the seminal or seed root system. The second phase is the development of the nodal or crown root system. The basic functions of corn roots include (1) anchoring the plant securely in the soil, (2) taking up water, and (3) taking up nutrients.

The seminal root system comprises the radicle root and 2 to 4 seminal roots that all develop from the corn seed. The radicle is the first root to emerge by rupturing the seed coat near the tip of the kernel. Soon after the shoot emerges, the seminal roots will elongate from seed behind the shoot. The primary role of seminal roots is to take up water to sustain the developing seedling.… Continue reading